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In recent years, social media have profoundly transformed the way people interact with each other, and one of the areas most affected by this digital revolution is that of family relationships.
In Europe, as in the rest of the world, the massive use of social platforms has redefined family dynamics, with both positive and problematic consequences. This change, which has social, psychological and economic implications, is raising a series of questions about how to address the negative effects, and many experts wonder whether a targeted policy response is necessary to mitigate these impacts. Over the past two decades, social media have become an integral part of everyday life, offering new ways of communicating and connecting. While these platforms allow families to stay in touch, even when separated by large geographical distances, they are profoundly altering the quality and quantity of time that family members spend together. One of the most evident trends is the erosion of quality time spent with the family. Increasingly, parents and children find themselves living together in shared spaces, but each isolated in their own virtual world. In these cases, online connection ends up replacing physical and emotional connection, creating a sense of detachment.
Studies have shown that, on average, people in Europe spend over two hours a day on social media, time that could be used for more meaningful family activities. Another problematic aspect is the phenomenon of so-called “infinite scrolling”, a practice that leads users to stay on social media longer than expected, further reducing opportunities for direct interaction within the family. This phenomenon is especially accentuated among the youngest, often generating intergenerational conflicts, with parents who see their children detaching themselves from the surrounding reality and preferring virtual interaction to real interaction. In addition to the impact on time and interactions, excessive use of social media also has psychological consequences. The constant comparison with idealized lives and the pressure of always having to be “present” on social media are creating an environment of stress, anxiety and low self-esteem for many young people and adults. This has direct repercussions on family relationships, as family members may become more irritable, less empathetic, and less inclined to understand each other.
The phenomenon of “phubbing”, or the act of ignoring a physically present person to focus on the smartphone, has become a growing problem in European families. Parents, often absorbed in work and the use of social media, find themselves neglecting interaction with their children, with negative effects on their emotional and social development. At the same time, children and adolescents, influenced by the dynamics of social media, tend to develop an addiction to these platforms, which can negatively affect their academic performance and real interpersonal relationships. The impact of social media on family relationships also extends to the economic and social sphere. Time spent on social media reduces the time dedicated to productive activities, such as studying, housework or caring for the family. Furthermore, constant exposure to advertising and online consumerism can lead to impulsive economic choices, increasing the level of family indebtedness.
From a social point of view, we are witnessing a growing disconnection between generations. Younger people are often more skilled at using social media than their parents or grandparents, creating a technological gap that can turn into an emotional distance. Differences in approach and understanding of the digital world contribute to less effective communication and misunderstandings within families. One of the most widespread proposals is to implement educational programs for both young people and adults. The goal would be to raise awareness of the responsible use of social media, educating citizens on the risks associated with excessive use and encouraging more responsible behavior. This type of education should be included in school curricula and promoted through public campaigns. Another possible solution is to implement stricter regulation of social media platforms, especially with regard to managing usage time and protecting minors. Some European countries are already discussing the introduction of daily time limits for app use or stricter parental control tools. For example, imposing warnings suggesting taking a break after a certain amount of time of use could help prevent compulsive use. Another area of policy intervention could concern direct support for families. Policies that incentivize family activities through subsidies, tax breaks for those who invest in cultural or sports activities, or programs for psychological well-being could help rebuild stronger bonds.
Alessandro Fiorentino